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河南成人高考学位英语阅读理解精选题（一）

In the past few decades, the popular belief in the area of organizational behaviour and organizational psychology has been that happy workers are better workers. However, new research at the University of Alberta shows that sad workers are more productive.

Psychologist Dr. Robert Sinclair and his former PhD student Carrie Lavis recently conducted a series of four studies addressing the effects of experimentally induced happiness versus sadness on work productivity by asking the participants to build circuit boards. In the first study, sad people committed significantly fewer errors than did happy people (approximately half the number of errors) but there was no difference in the number of boards completed. Thus, sad people were more productive.

In similar studies Sinclair and Lavis found the same results along with evidence that happy people might not devote as much energy to the task in order to maintain their happy moods-they perceived that task as something that might detract from their present feelings. Conversely, sad people appeared to be devoting energy to the task in order to distract themselves from their sad feelings. “It is important to know that the moods were unrelated to the task,” said Sinclair. “Unhappiness is coming from something else.”

These findings are not surprising, said Sinclair, since there has been a growiog body of literature in the area of social psychology demonstrating that sad moods lead to more contemplation and , often, more thoughtful or accurate judgments.

In Sinclair's subsequent studies, when people believed that the task would make them feel good, they devoted more energy to the job. The bottom line, said Sinclair, is that it is important for organizations to take into account the emotions of their employees. It seems it could be beneficial to creating situations that lead people to believe that performing their jobs will cause them to feel good: this could cause increases in motivation and superior performance.

21.The new research done at the University of Alberta shows ________.

A. sadness leads to accurate judgments

B. sad workers are less engaged in their work

C. sad workers produce better

D. happiness can make people do well

Best Answer:C

详解:答案C。第一段最后一句写道：However, new research at the University of Alberta shows that sad workers are more productive。文章第二段详细描述了研究方式及结果，指出悲伤工人所出的差错只有快乐工人的一半。由此可见，C项符合，为正确答案。B,D两项明显与文章内容不符，可排除。A项不是阿尔伯塔大学的新研究成果而是社会合理学文献的说明内容(见第四段)，故不选A项。

22. The purpose of the series of four studies conducted by Dr. Sinclair was ________.

A. to find out the influence of happiness vs. sadness on work

B. to ask the subjects to build circus boards

C. to prove that happy workers are better workers

D. to explore the ways how to produce happiness or sadness at work

Best Answer:A

详解:答案A。第二段第一句写道：Psychologist Dr. Robert Sinclair and his former PHD student Carrie Lavis recently conducted a series of four studies addressing the effects of experimentally induced happiness versus sadness on work …见其实验主要目的是探索快乐和悲伤对生产率究竟产生何种影响。A项符合，为正确答案。B项是研究时采取的方式，可排除。C项明显不符文章内容。D项在文章中未提及。

23.According to the third paragraph, the happy workers might not devote as much energy to the task because ________.

A. they hate doing the same job for a long time

B. they never feel sad

C. happiness distracts them from their task

D. they want to keep their happy moods

Best Answer:D

详解:答案D。第三段第一句指出…-that happy people might not devote as much energy to the task in order to maintain their happy moods-they perceived that task as something that might detract from their present feelings。可见，快乐的人为了保持其快乐的心情，不愿十分投人于工作;D项符合，为正确答案。A、B两项在文章中未提及到。C项在文中找不到依据，文中只提到快乐的人认为工作太认真会破坏他们的好心情，并未说快乐使工人工作分心，故C项错。

24. A growing number of articles in the area of social psychology demonstrate ________.

A. sad moods lead to more deep thinking and better judgments

B. sad moods always help people make more accurate judgments

C. sad workers are more productive

D. moods play an important part on work

Best Answer:A

详解：答案A。文章第四段写道：…there has been a growing body of literature in the area of social psychology demonstrating that sad moods lead to more contemplation and, often, more thoughtful or accurate judgments。可见越来越多的社会心理学文献表明，悲伤情绪会使人们思考更深入，考虑问题更周到，做出判断更准确。A项符合，为正确答案，可见B项错在always一词，文中用的是often一词，故不选B项。C项和D项不是社会心理学文献论述的内容，故排除。

25.It is suggested in the last paragraph that ________.

A. increases in motivation and superior performance are important

B. companies should take into consideration employees’ emotions

C. companies should create situations that make workers feel good

D. employees should do the task that would make them feel good

Best Answer:B

详解：答案B。最后一段写到：The bottom line…is that it is important for organizations to take into account the emotions of their employees,可见B项符合，为正确答案。A项在文中找不到依据，文中最后指出，营造合适的氛围可以使职工工作动机更强，工作表现更突出;但这不是最后一段提出的建议，故不选A项。C项错在修饰situations的定语从句，其内容不符文章中描述说明。D项在文中未提及。

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